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Open-ocean targeting

Open-ocean targeting is a nuclear deterrence strategy employed by the United States, where intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) are programmed to land in the open ocean, rather than at specific military targets, in the event of an unauthorized or accidental launch. This practice aims to minimize the risk of unintended nuclear war by reducing the likelihood of mistaken targeting or misperception.

Key Features

• ICBMs and SLBMs are targeted at open ocean areas, not at specific military targets or cities.
• In the event of an accidental or unauthorized launch, the missiles would land harmlessly in the ocean, rather than causing widespread destruction.
• This approach enhances presidential decision time, allowing the commander-in-chief to assess the situation and authorize a response, if necessary, without being pressured by an immediate and catastrophic outcome.

Rationale

Open-ocean targeting is based on the understanding that the risk of accidental or unauthorized nuclear launches is extremely low, but not zero. By targeting missiles at the ocean, the United States can reduce the potential consequences of such an event, minimizing the risk of unintended nuclear war and its devastating effects.

Implementation

The practice of open-ocean targeting is implemented through various means, including:

• Programming ICBMs and SLBMs to follow specific trajectories that would result in oceanic impact in the event of an unauthorized or accidental launch.
• Conducting regular exercises and drills to test and refine the nuclear command and control system, ensuring that only authorized personnel can initiate a launch.
• Maintaining robust and secure command and control systems to prevent unauthorized access or manipulation.

Importance

Open-ocean targeting is a critical component of the United States’ nuclear deterrence strategy, as it helps to:

• Reduce the risk of unintended nuclear war by minimizing the potential consequences of accidental or unauthorized launches.
• Enhance presidential decision time, allowing for a more deliberate and informed response to a nuclear crisis.
• Demonstrate the United States’ commitment to responsible nuclear behavior and its willingness to prioritize safety and security over military effectiveness.